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The population of Indonesia according to the 2010 national census is 237.6 million, with 58% living on the island of Java, the world's most populous island.
Despite a fairly effective family planning program that has been in place since the 1960s,[4] the population is expected to grow to around 254 million by 2020 and 288 million by 2050,[5] falling to fifth behind Pakistan sometime before 2050.
List of Indonesian provinces' population
| Province | Population | In Cities (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Aceh | 4,486,570 | 23.6 |
| North Sumatra | 12,985,075 | 42.4 |
| West Sumatra | 4,845,998 | 29.0 |
| Riau | 5,543,031 | 43.7 |
| Jambi | 3,088,618 | 28.3 |
| South Sumatra | 7,446,401 | 34.4 |
| Bengkulu | 1,713,393 | 29.4 |
| Lampung | 7,596,115 | 21.0 |
| Bangka Belitung | 1,223,048 | 43.0 |
| Riau Islands | 1,685,698 | -- |
| Banten | 10,644,030 | 52.2 |
| Jakarta | 9,588,198 | 100.0 |
| West Java | 43,021,826 | 50.3 |
| Central Java | 32,380,687 | 40.4 |
| Yogyakarta | 3,452,390 | 57.7 |
| East Java | 37,476,011 | 40.9 |
| Bali | 3,891,428 | 49.8 |
| West Nusa Tenggara | 4,496,855 | 34.8 |
| East Nusa Tenggara | 4,679,316 | 15.9 |
| West Kalimantan | 4,393,239 | 25.1 |
| Central Kalimantan | 2,202,599 | 27.5 |
| South Kalimantan | 3,626,119 | 36.3 |
| East Kalimantan | 3,550,586 | 57.6 |
| North Sulawesi | 2,265,937 | 37.0 |
| Gorontalo | 1,038,585 | 25.5 |
| Central Sulawesi | 2,633,420 | 19.7 |
| South Sulawesi | 8,032,551 | 29.4 |
| Southeast Sulawesi | 2,230,569 | 20.8 |
| West Sulawesi | 1,158,336 | -- |
| Maluku | 1,531,402 | 25.9 |
| North Maluku | 1,035,478 | 29.5 |
| Papua | 2,851,999 | 22.2 |
| West Papua | 760,855 | -- |
| Source: Population Census 2010[2] | ||
Ethnic groups
At least 300 different ethnic groups have been counted in Indonesia.
Religions
Although it is not an Islamic state, Indonesia is the world's most populous Muslim-majority nation, with almost 86.1% of Indonesians declared Muslim according to the 2000 census. 8.7% of the population is Christian, 3% are Hindu, and 1.8% Buddhist or other. Most Indonesian Hindus are Balinese, and most Buddhists in modern-day Indonesia are ethnic Chinese.
Languages
Indonesian is the official national language, but there are many different languages native to Indonesia. According to Ethnologue, there are currently 737 living languages the most widely spoken of which is Javanese.
A number of Chinese dialects, most prominently Min Nan, are also spoken. The public use of Chinese, especially Chinese characters, was officially discouraged between 1966 and 1998.
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